A hanging indent is an indent that indents all text except the first line. London: Granta, 2006.Īny subsequent lines in a reference are on a hanging indent. While a bibliographic entry may look like this:īlanshard, Alastair. Follow the punctuation and spacing as given in the examples.ġ. Alastair Blanshard, Hercules: A Heroic Life (London: Granta, 2006), 151.

Punctuation marks and spaces within the citation are very important. book, journal article, webpage, video) in sufficient detail so that others may locate and consult your references. Each note corresponds to a raised (superscript) number in the text. The footnote contains information about the. Your footnotes and bibliography should identify references cited (eg. The in-text citation directs the reader to a note (footnote) at the bottom of the page. Bibliographic citations are provided in footnotes, supplemented by a bibliography at the end of the document. While the Notes & Bibliography Style allows for either footnotes or endnotes, this guide will deal with footnotes. Compiler, translator or editor (if an editor is listed in addition to an author) 4.

There is the Notes and Bibliography Style (the subject of this guide), and the Author-Date System (a variation of the Harvard style). When citing books, the following are elements you may need to include in your bibliographic citation for your first footnote or endnote and in your bibliography, in this order: 1. The Chicago Manual of Style allows for two different types of reference styles.

Chicago style footnotes example